Resources

Black and Indigenous Scholarship Reading and Collections

Books

Basso, Keith H. (1996). Wisdom Sits in Places : Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.

Carter, Paul. (2010). The Road to Botany Bay : an Exploration of Landscape and History. 1st University of Minnesota Press ed. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Cave, Alfred. (2011). Lethal Encounters: Englishmen & Indians in Colonial Virginia

Coleman, Arica L., That the Blood Stay Pure: African American, Native American, and The Predicament of Race and Identity in Virginia 

Coulthard, Glen. (2010). “Place Against Empire: Understanding Indigenous Anti-Colonialism ”Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action, 4:2 (2010): 79-83

Dunbar-Ortiz, Roxanne (2014). “This Land” An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States. Boston: Beacon Press: 1-14.

Dunbar-Ortiz, Roxanne and Gilio-Whitaker, Dina. (2016). “All the Real Indians Died Off”: And 20 Other Myths About Native Americans

Ellinghaus, Katherine. (2017).  Blood Will Tell: Native American and Assimilation Policy

Hirt, Irène. (2012). “Mapping Dreams/Dreaming Maps: Bridging Indigenous and Western Geographical Knowledge.” Cartographica 47 (2): 105–20. 

King, Tiffany Lethabo. (2019). “Introduction” The Black Shoals: Offshore Formations of Black and Native Studies, Durham; Duke University Press

LaPier, Rosalyn. (2023). “Land as Text: Reading the Land.” Environmental History 28 (1): 40–46 

Louis, Renee Pualani, Jay T. Johnson, and Albertus Hadi Pramono. (2012). “Introduction: Indigenous Cartographies and Counter-Mapping.” Cartographica 47 (2): 77–79. 

Miranda, Deborah A. (2007). “Teaching on Stolen Ground.” Placing the Academy, Utah State University Press, 2007: 169-185.

Oliver, Jeff. (2010). Landscapes and social transformations on the Northwest Coast: Colonial encounters in the Fraser Valley (Archaeology of colonialism in native North America). Tucson: University of Arizona Press.

Oliver, Jeff. (2011). “On Mapping and Its Afterlife: Unfolding Landscapes in Northwestern North America.” World Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 1, (2011): pp. 66–85. 

Ostler, J. (2019). Surviving Genocide : Native Nations and the United States from the American Revolution to Bleeding Kansas. Yale University Press.

Pyne, Stephanie, and D.R. Fraser Taylor. (2012). “Mapping Indigenous Perspectives in the Making of the Cybercartographic Atlas of the Lake Huron Treaty Relationship Process: A Performative Approach in a Reconciliation Context.” Cartographica 47 (2): 92–104.

Rosenthal, Nicholas G. (2012). Reimagining Indian Country: Native American Migration and Identity in Twentieth-Century Los Angeles (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press: 1-9.

Ryback, Timothy, et al. (2021). “Case Study X: James Cook through Indigenous eyes: Botany Bay Memorial, Sydney” in Ryback, Timothy, M. Ellis, and B. Glahn, eds. Contested Histories in Public Spaces, Principles, Processes, Best Practices, Report to the IBA. February 2021: 249-264.

Savoy, Lauret E. (2015). Trace : Memory, History, Race, and the American Landscape. Berkeley, California: Counterpoint Press.

Savoy, Lauret. (2023). “Reconciling Sites of Memory and Loss: Place, a Poetics of Geology, and the Implicated Writer.” Environmental History 28 (1): 26–39. 

Simpson, L. B. (2017). “Land as Pedagogy.” In As We Have Always Done (p. 145). University of Minnesota Press: 145-173.

Sletto, Bjørn. (2009). “Special Issue: Indigenous Cartographies.” Cultural Geographies 16 (2): 147–52. 

Smith, J. Douglas. (2002). Managing White Supremacy: Race, Politics, and Citizenship in Jim Crow Virginia 

Smith, Linda Tuhiwai. (2021). ”Imperialism, History, Writing, and Theory” Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. Third edition. London: Zed Books: 21-45.

Treuer, David. (2021). “Return the National Parks to the Tribes.” The Atlantic Monthly (1993), vol. 327, no. 4, Atlantic Media, Inc.: 30-45.

Watts, Vanessa. (2017). “Indigenous Place-Thought & Agency Amongst Humans and Non-Humans (First Woman and Sky Woman Go on a European World Tour!).” Re-Visiones (Madrid), no. 7, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2017: 21-33.

Newspaper and Journal Articles

Endo, Mika. "The Word ‘Mixed’ without the ‘Indian’ Would Be Better": Virginia’s Racial Integrity Act and the Destruction of Indian Race in the Early Twentieth Century." Native South, vol. 7, 2014, p. 92-107. Project MUSE, https://doi.org/10.1353/nso.2014.0007.

Murray, Paul T. “Who Is an Indian? Who Is a Negro? Virginia Indians in the World War II Draft.” The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, vol. 95, no. 2, 1987, pp. 215–31. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4248942. Accessed 29 Feb. 2024.

Sherman, Richard B. “‘The Last Stand’: The Fight for Racial Integrity in Virginia in the 1920s.” The Journal of Southern History, vol. 54, no. 1, 1988, pp. 69–92. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2208521. Accessed 29 Feb. 2024.

Washington Post, Lawmakers seek federal recognition of Patawomeck Tribe, September 23, 2023

Washington Post, Trump sings bill recognizing Virginia Indians tribes, January 30, 2018

Washington Post, How a long-dead white supremacist still threatens the future of Virginia's Indian tribes, July 1, 2015

Library of Virginia Collections

Virginia Constitutions Digital Collection

Since 1776, Virginia has adopted seven constitutions, including the 1928 revision to the 1902 Constitution. The 1902 Constitution (and its revision) ushered in Virginia's infamous era of Jim Crow and was later replaced with the most current version, the Constitution of 1971.

Works Progress Administration (WPA) Life Histories

This collection highlights the work of the Virginia Writers' Project and contains scanned life histories, social–ethnic studies, and youth studies, plus more than 50 interviews with formerly enslaved people.


Lynching and Racial Violence Collection

This collection contains documents related to lynchings in Virginia between 1866 and 1932, specifically, commonwealth causes and coroner's inquisitions housed at the Library of Virginia.

Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative

Provides greater accessibility to pre-1865 African American history and genealogy found in the rich primary sources in the library's holdings.


Library of Virginia Blog: The UncommonWealth

Updated information and discussions regarding the Library’s more than 200 million manuscript items, digital images, and records about Virginia’s history, culture, and government.


True Sons of Freedom 

Explores the worlds of twenty-four Virginians who fought overseas to defend freedoms they were denied at home. The UncommonWealth True Sons of Freedom blog posts provide additional information.

Virginia Untold: Free Registers (indexing)

Provides digital access to records that document the lived experiences of enslaved and free Black people in the Library of Virginia’s collections.

Indigenous Perspectives Exhibit

Explores the voices and experiences of Virginia’s tribal communities. Additional information provided at The UncommonWealth Indigenous Perspectives (Exhibit) blog posts

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